Sandhya Vandan : Mantra & Vidhi

In the life of a Hindu  Upanayana marks the beginning of Brahmacharya Ashrama which is set apart for the study of Vedas; this stage is said to be the second birth for him. Mere wearing of a sacred thread initiated on the Upanayana day does not make him a real Brahmacharin. It is rather the study of Vedas, learning and chanting Vedic mantras including Gayathri and Sandhya vandana which will qualify him to be a true Brahmachari means a student who is eligable to study the Bramha vidya.

1 . ACHAMANAM

Achyutaya namah 

Anantaya namah 

Govindaya namah 

Achamanam, that is, sipping of the water with the above mantras, one sipping for each mantra, will remove all the ills of the body-and mind. This is calledNamatrayividya or the worship with the three names, which will cure all diseases, physical and mental. There is a well-known sloka to the effect that the medicine constituting the repetition of the three names of the Lord Achyuta, Ananta andGovinda will certainly cure all disease

The Achamanam must be performed facing the east or north. It should not be done facing the west or south. Leaving out the thumb and the forefinger, the other three fingers must be bent a little and then a small space for keeping is found in the inner hand. Water should be poured there and sipped thrice uttering the three mantras in succession. Then the hand should be washed twice. If there is pavitrain the second finger, it should be removed at the time of Achamana and worn again after Achamana. 
The following twelve names of the Lord should there after be uttered, touching each limb of the body with the particular finger mentioned below. This signifies that all the senses are dedicated to the service of God. When the senses-are made introspective instead of going outwards to the external objects, the natural bliss of the soul will be manifested. The names are: – 

Kesava/ Narayana/ Madhava/ Govinda/ Vishnu/ Madhusoodhana/ Trivikrama / Vamana / Sridhara / Hrishikesa Padmanabha/ Damodara/

As the thumb and the mouth are the seats of fire,, the name ( Kesava) and(Narayana) are uttered with the thumb touching the right and left cheeksrespectively. The second finger and the eyes are regarded as the seats of the sun and so with the second finger the right andleft eyes are touched, repeating the names (Madhava) and (Govinda).  The forefinger and the nose, being considered as seats of Vayu (Wind) the right and left parts of the nose are touched by the forefinger with the names (Vishnu) and(Madhusoodana) being repeated respectively.  The little finger and the ears are seats of Indra and hence by the little finger the right and left ears are touched uttering the names (Trivikrama) and(Vamana) respectively.

As the middle finger and the shoulder are regarded as the seats of Prajapati, that finger should touch the shoulders, when the person utters the names Sridhara and
Hrishikesa respectively. The inner part of the hand and the heart being considered as the seats of Paramatma the inner hand should touch the heart and top of the head, uttering the names Padmanabha and Damodara in succession. 

Thus repeating the names of God protects all the parts of the body. Afterwards, the Lord Ganapati is meditated to ward off all hindrances: – 
Shuklambaradharam Vishnum shashivarnam chaturbhjam Prasannavadanam dhyayet
sarvavighnoposantaye.
The two hands should be folded and the two sides of the forehead struck gently five times, repeating the above mantra, with the meditation of Ganapati and imagining that the nectar collected in the head according to the Yogasastras is entering into each nerve.
Meaning 

Vishnum – All-pervading
Shuklambaradharam -Wearing a white garment
Shashivarnam -Shining like the moon
Chaturbhujam -having four hands
Prasannavadanam -having a cheerful face 
Sarvavighnopasantaye – to ward off all obstacles
Dhyayet – should be meditated. 
The All-pervading, clad in white garment, resplendent like the Moon, the four-armed and the cheerful – faced Lord should be meditated to ward off all obstacles.

2.PRANAYAMA
Next comes Pranayama, i. e. Control of Prana. 
Om Bhuh / Om Bhuvah / Om Suvaha / Om Mahah / Om Janah / Om Tapah / Om Satyam / Om Tat Saviturvarenyam Bhargo Devasya Dhimahi / Dhiyo yo Nah Prachodayat / Om Apo Jyoti-rasomritam Brahma Bhurbhuvassuvarom. 

The forefinger and the middle finger should be bent and by the thumb and second finger, the nose must be touched, on either side, the right nostril should be closed and air must be taken slowly by the left nostril and then that should be closed and after a time the air slowly sent out by the right nostril. The inhaling is calledPuraka, the retaining Kumbhaka and the exhaling Rechaka. The proportion of time of these three viz. Puraka, Kumbhaka and Rechaka should be in the ratio 1: 3: 2.
The Puraka, Kumbhaka and Rechaka ‘all three together, make one Pranayama. FromOm Bhuh upto Dhiyo yo nab prachodayatwould be Puraka. From Omapo Jyoti-rasomritam Brahma Bhurbhuvassuvarom uptoOm Bhuh, Om Bhuvah will be one Kumbhaka.The third turn from Om Bhuh upto the end will be Rechaka. 

Meaning 

Om Bhuh – The Omkar is this world            
Om Bhuvah – The Om is the world Bhuvah
Om Suvah – The Om is the world Suvah
Om Mahah – The Om is the world Maha
Om Janah – The Om is the world Jana
Om Tapah – The Om is the world Tapa
Om Satyam – The Om is the world Satya
Om Yah – He who is the Supreme sel
Nah – Our
Dhiyah -Intellect
Prachodayat -Inspires
Tat – That
Savituh -Creator’s
Devasya -The Lord’s
Varenyam -Most Excellent
Bhargah -Light
Dhimahi -We meditate
Om -The Om
Apah -Water
Jyotih -Light
Rasah – The earth and the Air  
Amritam – Eternal
Brahma -The all-pervading sky
Bhurbhuvassuvarom – The mind, the intellect and the egoism is also that Om. 

The Seven worlds beginning with this universe Bhuh are verily the Omkar. He, the Supreme Lord, inspires our intellects. We meditate on the light of the creator of the Worlds. Water, light, this world, air and the sky as well as the mind, the intellect and the egoism are also that Om. 
Sankalpah: Mamopatta-Samasta Duritakshaya-dwara-Sri–Parameswara – preetyartham Pratah Sandhyamupasishye.  
Madhyanhikam Karishye 
Sayam Sandhyamupasishye.
The Sankalpa should be made after Pranayama and then alone any work should be begun. When the Mantra is recited, the left hand should be below the right hand and both hands clasped and placed on the thigh.
Mamopatta – All that has accrued in me
Samasta-durita  -All sins
Kshaya-dwara -By destroying 
Sri Parameswara Preetyartham- to be worthy of the Grace of the SupremeLord
Paratah – of the morning
Sandhyam -the Sandhya Goddess
Upasishye -I begin to worship. 

I worship the Sandhya Goddess of the morning to be worthy of the Grace of the Supreme Lord by the destruction of all sins that have accumulated in me in previous births.

3.  MARJANAM

Apohishta mayo bhuvah / ta na oorje dadhatana maheranaya chakshase / yo vah sivatamorasah / Tasya bhajayateha nah / Usateeriya Matarah / Tasma arangamama vah yasya kshayayajinvatha / Apo janayatha cha nah / Om Bhurbhuvos suvah.

With the second finger of the right hand write the letter Om on Water and uttering the word Sri kesavaya namah touch the centre of the brows with that very finger. 

With the first seven mantras sprinkle water on the head with the second finger. Reciting the eighth Mantra touch ,the feet with the second finger. Reciting the ninth mantra sprinkle water again on the head. Then repeating the mantra – Om Bhurbhuvassuvah make a circuit of your head.
Meaning

Om Sri Kesavaya namah – Prostration to Sri Kesava
Apah – Goddesses of waters
Mayo bhuvah – be the cause of conferring the highest bliss
Shta hi – are verily
Tah – Such Goddesses as you
Nah -to us
Mahe -Great
Ranaya -Beautiful
Chakshase -for the eye of knowledge
Oorje -Nourishment
Dadhatana -Give
Vah -of you
Yah -that
Sivatamah -most auspicious
Rasah -bliss
Tasya – for that;
Iha – here
Nah -us
Usatih -Loving
Matarah Iva -Like mothers
Majayateha -make us worthy
Yasya kshayaya – for establishing that bliss
Jinvatha -you shine with love
Tasma -for that bliss
Vah -you
Aram -with great eagerness
Gamamah -we goes in for
Apah -water goddesses
Nah -us
Janayatha -making us pure by knowledge, live us rebirth.
Om-Namskar to Sri Kesava. You water Goddesses are the causes of conferring the highest happiness. Even such are you. Give us nourishment for the eye of knowledge, which is so great and beautiful. The most auspicious Bliss that is in you, be like loving mothers to give us that Supreme Bliss.

You are love personified and the seat of that Bliss. We pray you with great earnestness to give us that Bliss. Make us pure by knowledge and be reborn as it were resplendently. 
Pratah (Prasanam)

Suryascha ma manyuscha manyupatayascha manyukritebhyah Papebhyo rakshantam / Yadratriya papamakarsham / Manasa vacha   hasthabhyam / Padbhyamudarena sisna / Ratristadava lumpatu / Yat kimcha duritam mayi idamaham mamamritayonau / Surye Jyotishi Juhomi Swaha / 

Reciting this mantra, take water in your right hand. measuring a full sized hollow of the palm and drink it. 
 
Meaning 

suvarom-The Sun
Manyuscha -and anger
Manyupatayascha -and the God of anger
Manyukritebhyah -all actions done by anger
Papebhyah -from sins.
ma -me
Rakshantam -protect
Ratriya -all night
Manasa -by the mind
Vacha -by speech
Hastabhyam -by the two hands Padbhyam by the two feet
Udarena -by the stomach
Sishna -by the private patrs
Kincha -and also
Mayi -in me
Yat -that
duritam -sin
Tat -that
Ratri -the presiding deity of night
Avalumpatu – may remove
Idam Mam – this sin being removed from me 
Antrita-yonau – the cause of moksha
Surye Jyotishi – In the supreme Lord in Sun of Supreme light 
Juhomi – sacrifice
Swaha – Let it be well done

Save me from the sins born of anger, O Lord! The Sun, anger and Anger God, what has been done at night by the mind, speech, the two hands, two feet, the stomach and sexual organ as well as all other sins attaching to me may be removed.  This I freed from all sins offer oblations to the Supreme Lord, the Supreme Light in the form of the Sun so that I may be worthy of moksha. 

Apah punantu prithivim prithivi puta punatu mam / punantu Brahmanaspatirbrahma puta punatu mam / yaduchhishtam abhojyam yadva duscharitam mama / Sarvam punantu ma maposatam cha pratigrahagg swaha.  
This is to be recited at noon and water sipped afterward.

May the Goddess of water purify the earth. May that purified earth purify me and the teacher of Vedas. May the ever-purified Vedas purify me. The remnant of another’s food or uneatable food which I have eaten and my bad conduct oand the gifts I have received from bad people, may I be purified from all that. I offer myself to be consumed at the blaze of the Supreme Being.
Sayamkale (Evening)

Agnischa ma manyuscha manyupatayascha manyukritebhyah Papebhyo rakshantam / yadanha papamakarsham / Manasa Vacha
hastabhyam / Padbhyam Udarena Sishna / Ahasta-davalumpatu / Yat kincha durilam mayi / Idamaham mamritayonau Satye jyotishi juhomi swaha. 

This is to be recited in the evening and water sipped. 

May the Lord of Fire, anger, and God of anger protect me from all the sins committed by anger. May that sin done by me during the course of the day by the mind, word, the two hands, the two feet, the stomach and the private parts of the body be removed by the deity of the day. Thus purified I offer myself as an oblation to the resplendent Supreme light, the cause of Moksha.   
Achamanam, Punaramarjanam, Marjanam, 

Dadhikravinno akarisham jishnorasvasya vajinah / Surabhi no mukha karat Prana Ayoogumshi tarishat  
Apo hi shta myo bhuvah / Ta na oorjhe dadhatana / Maheranaya chakshase / Yo vah sivatamo rasah / Tasya bhajhayateha nah / Usatiriva Matarah / Tasma arangamama vah Yasya kshayaya jinvatha / Apo janayatha, cha nah / O  Bhurbhuvassuvah.

May the Lord, the supporter, the Ruler and the Measurer of all the worlds, the Victorious, the Seat of all knowledge Who has taken the form of hayagriva, the Swift Supreme Lord, whom I salute, make our senses do good. May our lives are without any hindrance.

4.ARGHYA-PRADANAM

Om bhurbhuvassuvah / Tat Saviturvarenyam bhargo devasya dhimahi / dhiyo yo nah prachodayaat // 

With this mantra, before sunrise take water filling both hands and pour thrice to the East. At noon, you must stand facing north and pour water twice. At night before sunset in a sitting posture, the thumb should be apart when offering the arghya.

5.PRAYASCHITTARGHYAM

Pranayamamah // Om bhuh + bhurbhuvassuvarom Arghyam / Om bhurbhuvassuvah + dhiyo yo nah prachodayaat Om bhurbhuvasvah // 

Then Pranayama should be done and then the Prayaschittarghya must be poured afterwards uttering, Om bhurbhuvassuvah.
Circumambulate the head with water.

6. AIKYA ANUSANDHAANAM

Asavadityo Brahma / Brahmaivaasmi// 

With the two hands touch the chest close the eyes and deeply meditate on the truth that the Jeevatman and Paramatman are one.

Meaning 

Asau – This 
Adityah – Sun 
Brahma -Is Brahma 
Aham -I also 
Brahmaiva -Verily Brahman 
Asmi -Am 
Do Achamanam after that

7.DEVA-TARPANAM

6.Adityam tarpayami/ Somam tarpayami / Angarakam tarpayami / Budham tarpayami / Brihaspatim tarpayami /Sukram tarpayami /Sanaischaram tarpayami / Rahum tarpayami / Ketum tarpayami 

Kesavam tarpayami / Narayanam tarpayami / Madhavam tarpayami / Govindam tarpayami / Vishnum tarpayami / Madhusoodanam tarpayami / Trivikramam tarpayami / Vamanam tarpayami / Sreedharam tarpayami / Hrishikesam tarpayami Damodaram tarpayami

Sitting facing the East in the morning and noon and facing the North in the evening, we should pour water. It should not be poured as a current. 

Meaning 

Adityam – The Sun 
Somam – The Moon 
Angarakam – Mars 
Budham – Mercury 
Brihaspatim – Jupiter 
Sukram – Venus 
Sanaischaram – Saturn
Rahum – Rahu 
Ketum – Ketu 
Tarpayami – I propitiate. 

From Kesava upto Damodara, the twelve names of lord Vishnu are the tutelary deities of the twelve months of the year beginning with Dhanus. Then with theAchamanam the preliminary part of Sandhya Vandanam is over. 

Now comes the second part, beginning with the Japa-Sankalpa.

SANDHYA-VANDANA JAPAARAMBHAH

Suklambaradharam Vishnum sasivarnam chaturbhujam 

prasannavadanam dhyayet sarvavighnopa – santhaye// 

Om bhu + Bhurbhuvassuvarom // (Pranayamah) 

Mamopatta – samasta – duritakshayadwara Sriparameswara preetyartham Pratah Sandhya – Gayatri – Mahamantra-japam karishye/ .
Madhyanhika – Gayatri – Mahamantra – Japam – Karishye / Sayam Sandhya – Gayatri – Mahamantra – japam karishye / 

This should be done sitting on a seat with the eyes half closed and not seeing anything external. The water vessel must be placed in front, facing the East in the morning, and North at noon and the West in the evening. 
Gayatri – Maha – Mantra – Japam karishye – I shall do the japa of the great mantra Gayatri.
Afterwards comes the Pranava Japa and thePranayama. Pranavasya Rishirbhahma, Devi-Gayatri Chhandah, Paramatma Devata//
Bhuradi sapta vyahriteenam Atri – Brigu – Kutsa – Vasishtha – Gautama – Kashyapa – Angirasa – rishayah / / Gayatri Ushnik –
Anushtup Brihati Pangthi – Thrishtup – Jagati Chhandamsi // Agni – Vayu – Arka – Vageesa Varuna – Indra -Viswedeva Devarah//
When naming the rishi, the head, when naming the chhandas, the mouth and when naming the devata the breast should be touched by the right hand. As described before, one Pranayama needs the japam of the mantra thrice, at least three pranayamamust be done. Those who are not able to practise Puraka, Kumbhakas and Rechaka, should repeat the mantra ten times. 

Om Bhuh / Om Bhuvah // Om Suvah / Om Mahah Om Janah / Om Tapah / Om Satyam / Om Tat Saviturvarenyam Bhargo Devasysa Dhimahi / Dhiyo Yo Nah Prachodayaat/ Omapo Jyotirasomritam Brahma Bhurbhuvassuvarom//

8. GAYATRI AVAHANAM

7.Aayatwityanuvakasya Vamadeva Rishih / Anushtup Chhandah/ Gayatri Devata/ 

Aayaatu Varada Devi Aksharam Brahmasammitam/ Gayatri Chhandasam Mataridam Brahma Juhaswa Nah/ Ojosi Sahosi Balamasi Bhrajosi Devanam Dhama Namasi viswamasi viswayuh sarvamasi sarvayu-rabhibhoorom Gayatri mavahayami Savitrimavahayami
Saraswatimavahayami // 

Reciting this mantra, the Gayatri Devi should, be thought of as manifesting in the lotus of the heart. With the sign of invocation, the hands should be turned inwards in front of the heart.

9. GAYATRI NYASAH

Savitriya Rishirvishivamitrah / Nichrudgayatri Chhandah/ Savita Devata //. 

Meaning 

Savitriyah – Of the Savitri mantra (i.e. the Gayatri mantra) 
Rishirvishwamitrah – Vishwamitra is the Rishi. 
Nichrugayatri Chhandah –The Nichrud Gayatri is the metre. 
Savita Devata – And Sun is the deity.                                            Om                                                         Bhurbhuvassuvah 
Tatsaviturvarenyam 
Bhargo Devasya 
Dhimahi 
Dhiyo yo Nah 
prachodayat

10. GAYATRI-UPASTHANAM

Pranayamah / 
Praatah Sandhya, (Aditya), (Saayam Sandhya) Upasthanam karishye // Uttame shikhare Devi bhoomyaam parvata-moordhani /
 Brahmanebhyo hyanujnaanam gachha Devi yathaa sukham //
After the japam of Gayatri, the prayer to that deity to go to her own place is called Gayatri Upasthanam. First of all the Pranayama must be done.

11.SURYA UPASTHANAM

Mitrasya charshani dhritah sravo devasya saanasim / Satyam Chitrasravastamam// 
Mitro janam yaatayati prajaanan Mitro daadhaara Prithivee mutadyaam / Mitrah krishtee – ranimishaabhichashte Satyaaya havyam ghritavadvidhema// 

Pra Sa Mitra Marto Astu Payaswaan Yasta Aditya Sikshati Vratena / Na Hanyate Na Jeeyate Twoto Nainama-gumho Asnotyantito Na Dooraat// 

After japam fold your hands and stand facing the East; then worship the Paramatma inside the Solar Orb with the following mantra: 
Meaning 

Charshaneedhritah – Protecting the subjects
Mitrasya Devasya – Of the Sun God
Saanasim – Worthy of being Worshipped
Satyam – Permanent
Chitrasravastamam – Excelling in attracting the minds of heavens.
Sravah -Fame and Greatness (I meditate on)
Mitrah – Sun     
Prajaanan – All knowing
Janaan – People
Yaatayati – Guides 
Mitrah – Sun
Prithiveem – Earth 
Uta – And also
Dyaam – The Sky
Daadhaara – Supports 
Mitrah – Sun
Krishteeh – Beings 
Animishaa – Without closing the eyes
Abhichashte – Sees
Satyaaya Ghrita vad – To get permanent results.
Havyam – The offering with ghee
Vidhema – We give
Mitra Aditya – O God Sun, who is also called Mitra
Yah – He Who 
Vratena – With regularity
Te – you
Sikshati -Desires to worship
 
Sa Martyah – That man
Payaswaan – With the full effect of dharma.
Astu – May become
Twaa Utah  – The man protected by you
Na Hanyate – Will not suffer by disease 
Na jeeyate – Will not die before hundred
Enam – This
Agumhah – Sin
Antitah – Near
Dooraat – Far
Na Asnoti – Does not suffer
I meditate on the fame and greatness of that excellent attracted of the minds of heavens which never perishes, who worship the Sun God who protects all subjects. 

The Sun is all-knowing and guides people. That God supports earth and heaven. He looks vigilantly with unclose eyes all beings. I offer oblation full of ghee to getimperishable results. O Sun, friend of Universe, he who with regularity desires to worship you, may that mortal get the perfect fruit of dharma? He, who is protected by you, will not suffer from any disease, he will live a hundred years;
sin from near or far will not torment him.
 
MADHYANHE

Aasatyena rajasa vartamano nivesayannamritam martyam cha / 
Hiranyayena Savita rathenaadevo yaati bhuvana vipasyan // 
Udvayam tamasaspari pasyanto jyotiruttaraml Devam Deva traa Suryamaganma jyotiruttamam / 

Udutyam Jatavedasam Devam vahanti ketavah/ Drise viswaaya Suryam //
Chitramdevana-mudagadaneekam chakshurmitrasya varunasyyagneh / 
Aa praa dyavaa prithivee anthariksha-gum Surya Anna Jagata-stasthushascha / 
Tachchakshurdevahitam purasthacchukra muchcharat //
Pasyema saradassatam, Jeevema saradassatam, Nandaama Saradassatam, Modama saradassatam, bhavama
saradassatagum-srunavama saradassatam, prabravama saradassatamajeetasyama saradassatam, jyokcha Suryam drise.//                                               
Ya udagaanmahatornavaad vibhrajamanah sarirasya madhayaat sama vrishabho lohitaakshassuryo vipaschin manasa punatu // 

Meaning : 

Satyena – By the light of the Self
Rajasa – By the light seen by the eyes
Amritammartyam cha – The Gods and mortals
Nivesayan – Putting them in their work
Aa vartamanah – Coming round
Savita Devah – The Sun God
Hiranyayena – The golden 
Rathena – By chariot 
Bhuvanah – Worlds 
Vipasyan – Seeing particularly 
Yaati – Travels. 
The Sun God who sees by the light of the soul and by the light of eyes the Gods and mortals and engaging them in their respective works, goes round in the golden chariot and travels with. a particular eye looking at the world. 

Ud Tamasaspari – He who rises swallowing the darkness 
Uttaram Jyotih -The excellent Light 
Devatrah -The protector of even the Gods 
Devam Suryam -The Sun God 
Pasyantah -The Seers 
Vayam – We 
Uttamam jyotih -The excellent light of the soul
Aganma -May we attain
May we attain the excellent light of the Soul, we who see the Sun God who has a high form of light and rises swallowing darkness and the protector of even the Gods. 

Tyam – That famous
Jatavedasam Devam -The all erasing God
Suryam – The Sun
Ketavah – Rays
Udvahanti – Is borne
That famous, all knowing Sun God is borne by the rays, his horses.
Mitrasya Varunasya Agneh – To Mitra, Varuna and Agni
Chakshuh – Like an eye
Devanaam Chitram Aneekam – The Sun  ho is the form of Gods.
Jagatastasthushascha – The movable and the immovable
Atma – The Soul
Suryah – The Sun
Dyaavaa Prithiveem Antariksham – The Heaven, the Earth and the atmosphere
Aa Prah – Pervades in the East rising
Purasthat sukram uchcharat – via pure state
Devahitam Chakshuh – Like an eye doing good to the Gods.
Tat – That Solar Orb.
Saradassatam – A hundred years.
Pasyema – May we see and submit ourselves
Jeevema saradassatam – May we live thus a hundred years.
Nandaama Saradassatam – May we rejoice with our people a hundred years.
Modaama Saradassatam – May we be joyous for a hundred years.
Bhavaama Saradassatam – May we shine with fame for a hundred years.
Srunavaama Saradassatam – May we hear pleasant things for a hundred years.
Prabravaama – May we speak good things for a hundred years.
Ajeetah Syama Saradassatam – May we be not overcome by bad defeat for a hundred years.                                            
jyok cha – Thus for a long time. 
Suryam – The Sun 
Drise -May we realize. 
May the Sun who is an eye to Mitra, Varuna and Agni, the embodiment of various Gods, rise high? The Sun God, the Soul of moving and unmoving pervades the earth, the heaven and the atmosphere. May we see and bow for hundred years. That Sun who does good like the eye to the Gods, the pure light that rises in the east. 
Let us mix in joy for a hundred years with our own people. May we be happy for a hundred years. May we be bright with good fame for a hundred years. May we hear pleasant things for a hundred years. May we speak good things for a hundred years. May we not be Soiled by bad defeat for a hundred years. May we see the Sun God for such a long time.
Vrishabah – He who confers or grants the desired results
Lohitakshah – The red eyed one
Vipaschit – The all knowing 
Yah – He
Vibhrajamanah – Shining everywhere
Mahat Arnavat – The great ocean
Sarirasya Madhyaat – From the middle of water
Udagaat – Rises in the morning
suryah – That Sun God
maa – Me
Manasaa – With the whole mind
punatu – Purify. 
May the fulfiller or desired results, the red-eyed, all knowing, shining everywhere, rising from the midst of the water. may that Sun God purify me with all my mind.
Sayankale : (Evening)

Imam me Varuna srudhee havamadyaa cha mridaya / Tvaamavasyuraachake // Tatvaa yaami brahmanaa vandamaanasta daasaaste yajamaano havirbhih / Ahedamaano Varuneha Bodhyurusagumsa maa na Aayuh pramosheeh // yatchiddhi te visho yathaa pradeva Varuna Vratam / Mineemasi dyavidyavi // Yat kinchedam Varuna daivye janebhidroham manushyaascharaamasi / Achittee yattava dharmaa yuyopima maa nastasmaadenaso Deva reerishah // kitavaaso yadriripurna deevi yadvaa ghaa satyamuta yanna vidma / sarma taa vishya shithireva devaatha te syaama Varuna priyaasah .
Meaning 

Varuna – O Varuna
Me – My 
Imam – This,
Havam – Supplication, request
Srudhee – Hear
Adyaa cha – Even now
Mridaya – Be loving
Avasyuh – Desiring protection
Tvaam – You
Aachake – I pray
O God Varuna! Hear my prayer. Be gracious even now. I pray to you seeking protection.
Brahmanaa – By the Vedic mantras
Vandamaanah – Praying
Tat – For that
Tvaa – You
Yaami – I take refuge
Yajamaanah – The sacrificer
Havirbhih – With offerings
Tat – That
Aasaaste – I desire
Urusagumsa Varuna – O renowned Varuna
Ahedamaanah – Not slighting
Iha – Now
Bodhi – you must fulfil my prayer
Nah – Our
Aayuh – Life
Maa pramosheeh – Do not lessens.
I take refuge in You praising with Vedic mantras. The sacrificer desires that only by his offerings. “O famous Varuna! not slighting fulfil my prayer even now. Do not decrease our life periods.”
Yad Chit – Ho
Deva Varuna – O God Varuna 
Visah Yatha – Like the people without discrimination
Te vratam – Your worship 
Dyavi dyavi – Every day 
Pramineemasi – By carelessness, not doing and giving up
Deva Varuna – O God Varuna, 
Daivye Jane – To the hosts of Clods;
Manushyaah – We men
Idam abhidroham – This deceit
Achittee – Unknowingly
Yatkincha charaamasi – Whatever I have done
Tava – Your
Dharmaah – Dharma
Yat yuyopima – Whatever we spoil
Deva – O God Varuna
Tasmadenasa – By that sin
Nah – Us
Maa reerishah – Be gracious withoutpunishing us.
O God Varuna! Like the undiscriminating people thy regular daily worship might have been omitted by negligence. O God Varuna! Such deceit might have been done unconsciously. All that we have done, thy dharmas which we have spoiled, 0 God Varuna! Save us by not punishing us for that sin. 

Kitavaasah – Like those who play dice
Na deevi – That which good people do not resort to
Yad – That fault wrongly
Riripuh – Has attributed to me 
Yadvaa ghaa – Or the sins
Satyam – Really done 
Utah – And also 
Na vidma – Have done and yet do not know
Yat – That
Taah Sarvaah – All those
Sithireva – Just as they would be scattered without any pain
Vishya – Destroy
Deva Varuna – O God Varuna
Atha – Afterwards
Te – To you
Priyaasah – Beloved ones
Syaama – May we always become. 
The blame attributed to me unjustly like the players of dice or the sin which I might have done knowingly and also those which I have done unknowingly, all these may be scattered and destroyed. O God Varuna! May we after wards always become beloved of you.

12 SAMASHTYABHIVAADANAM

Sandhyaayai namah / Saavitryai namah / Gaayatryai namah / Saraswatyai namah / Sarvaabhyo Devataabhyo namo namah //
Kamokarsheenmanyurakaarsheennamo namah 
After Japam the mantras Sandyaayai namahetc. should be uttered folding the hands beginning with the quarter, which one faces at the time of the japam. Finally looking to that very quarter Sarvaabhyo Devataabhyo namah and kamokaarsh- eenmanyurakaarsheennamo namah should be uttered with folded hands.
12.Meaning 

Sandhyaayai namah – Prostration to Sandhya Goddess 

Saavitryai namah – Prostration to Goddess Savitri 

Gaayatryai namah – Prostration to Goddess Gayatri 

Saraswatyai namah – Salutation to Goddess Gayatri 

Sarvaabhyo Devetaabhyo namo namah – To all deities. 

Kaamah akaarsheet – Kama (desire) did it. 

Manyuh akarsheet – The anger did it, i.e. I did not of my own will commit sins. Falling under the control of desire and anger, I did bad things unknowingly. Forgive me. 

Namo Namah -O Gods! I again and again salute you.

13.DIGDEVATA VANDANAM

Praachyai Dise Namah // Dakshinaayai Dise Namah / Prateechyai Dise  Namah // Udeechyai Dise Namah // Oordhwaaya Namah // Adharaaya Namah // Antarikshaaya Namah Bhoomyai Namah Brahmane Namah // Vishnave Namah // Mrityave Namah 

Beginning from the quarter facing which the japa was done, the four quarters are saluted as well as the upper side and lower side and the middle portion and the Gods or the quarters, and afterwards the earth and the three Gods Brahma, Vishnu and, Siva.

Meaning 

Praachyai Dise Namah -Salutations to Eastern side
Dakshinaayai Dise Namah – Salutations to South
Prateechyai Dise Namah -Salutations to West
Udeechyai Dise Namah – Salutations to Gods of the northern side.
Oordhwaya Namah – Prostrations to the Gods of upper world.
Adharaaya Namah – Salutations to the Gods of lower worlds.
Antarikshaaya Namah – Salutations to Gods of middle world.

Bhoomyai Namah – Salutations to the Goddess Earth. 

Brahmane Namah – Salutations to Brahma. 

Vishnave Namah – Salutations to Vishnu. 

Mrityaye Namah – Salutations to Rudra. 

Salutations to Gods of East, South, West and North, as well as to those who are in the upper world, the lower world and the
mid-world. Salutations to Earth. Salutations to Brahma, Vishnu and Rudra.

14 YAMA VANDANAM

Yamaaya Namah Yamaaya Dharmarajaaya Matyave Chhantakaaya cha // Vaivaswataaya Kaalaaya Sarvabhootakshaaya cha // 

Oudumbaraaya Dadhnaaya Neelaaya parameshtine // Vrikodaraaya Chitraaya Chitragupaaya Vai Namah // Chitraguptaaya Vai Nama Om Nama Iti // 

This mantra should be uttered facing the South.
Meaning 

Yamaaya Namah – Salutations to Yama.
Yamaaya – One who controls all. 
Dharmaraajaya – The God Dharma. 
Mrityave cha – And the God who destroys
Antakaaya cha – And the God who makes an end.
Vaivaswataaya – The Son of the Sun
Kaalaaya – The personification of Time

Sarvabhhoota kshayaaya cha – The destroyer of all beings
Oudumbaraaya – The very strong.
Dadhnaaya – The God who is called Dadhna
Neelaaya – Of blue colour.
Parameshtine – Worshipped by all.
Vrikodaraaya – Having a big belly.
Chitraaya – Strange.
Chitraguptaaya Namah – Salutations to Yamadharma raja who keeps his wonderful secrets.
Chitraguptaaya Vai Namah Om Nama Iti – Again salutations to Chitragupta Om Salutations. 

Salutations to Yama, Salutations to Him who controls all, King Dharma, the destroyer and end of all, the son of Sun God, the embodiment of Time, the destroyer of all beings, the very strong one who has got the name of Dadhna,’ the blue bodied, worshipped of a, having a big belly, the strange one who guards these strange secrets. Salutations to thatYamadharmaraja. Salutations again
to that Chitragupta. Salutations to Om.

15.HARIVANADANAM
Ritagum Satyam Param Brahma Purusham Krishna-pingalam // Oorddhwaretam Viroopaksham Viswaroopaya Vai Namo Namah // Viswaroopaaya Vai Namo Nama Om Nama Iti // 

Facing the north and standing with folded hands this mantra should be uttered. 

Meaning 

Ritagum -The beauty in things seen
Satyam -The basis of sight.
Param Brahma -Para Brahma (Supreme Being)
Purusham -Dwelling in all bodies.
Krishna Pingalam -The dark Lord Krishna and the red Shiva united as Harihar
Oordhwaretam -Whose strength is upwards.
Viswaroopaaya Vai  -To that who is the form of the Universe or who assumes all forms.
Namo Namah -Salutations.
Viroopaakssham -Three-eyed One.
Viswaroopaya Vai Namo Nama Om Nama Iti  –Salutations to Him who assumes all forms. Om Salutations. 
Salutations to Him who assumes all forms, the beauty of all things seen, the basis of all sights, the Parabrahma, the dark-hued
Vishnu and the red Shiva in one, the pure One and the three-eyed One. Salutations to Him who assumes all forms. OmSalutations.

16.SURYANARAYANA VANDANAM
Namah Savitre Jagadeka Chakshushe Jagat-prasooti-sthiti-naasa-hetave, trayee mayaaya trigunaatma-dhaarine Virinchi Naamayana-Sankaratmane, Dhyeyah Sadaa Savitrumandalamadhyavartee Naarayanah Sarasijaasana-Samnivishlah // 

Keyuravan Makarakundalavaan Kiritee Haaree Hiranmaya-vapur-dhritha sankha-chakrah.Sankha-Chakra – Gadaapaano Dwarakaanilayaachyata // Govinda Pundareekaaksha Raksha Maam saranagatam //Aakaasaat patitam toyam yatha gacchati saagaram// Sarvadeva namaskarah kesavam prati gachchati // Sreekesavam prati gacchatyon nama iti // abhivaadaye … Asmi Bhoh // 

This mantra should be uttered facing the quarter in which, the japa was done, meditating on the Supreme self who has taken the forms of three deities, and prostrating. 

Meaning 

Jagadeka-chakshushe -The one eye of the universe Jagat
prasooti-sthiti -naasahetave -The cause of Creation, maintenance and destruction of the universe. 

Trayee mayaaya -The embodiment of the Vedas. 

Trigunaatma Dhaarine Virinchi Narayana Sankaraatmane – The three gunas taking the three forms as Brahma, Vishnu and Siva.

Savitre – To the Sun God. 

Namah – Salutations. 

Salutations to the Sun God, the Eye of the Universe, the Cause of Creation, Maintenance and Destruction of the Universe, the three Gunas, taking form asBrahma, Vishnu and Shiva. 

Savitrumandala-Madhyavartee -He who lives in the centre of the solar orb. 

Sarasijaasana Sannivishtah – Who sits in Padmaasana 

Keyuravaan Makara Kundalavaan Kireetee Haaree – Who has the bracelets, the big ear-rings in the ear, the crown on the  head and the pearl garland dangling on the chest.

17.SURYANARAYANA VANDANAM
Namah Savitre Jagadeka Chakshushe Jagat-prasooti-sthiti-naasa-hetave, trayee mayaaya trigunaatma-dhaarine Virinchi Naamayana-Sankaratmane, Dhyeyah Sadaa Savitrumandalamadhyavartee Naarayanah Sarasijaasana-Samnivishlah // 

Keyuravan Makarakundalavaan Kiritee Haaree Hiranmaya-vapur-dhritha sankha-chakrah.Sankha-Chakra – Gadaapaano Dwarakaanilayaachyata // Govinda Pundareekaaksha Raksha Maam saranagatam //Aakaasaat patitam toyam yatha gacchati saagaram// Sarvadeva namaskarah kesavam prati gachchati // Sreekesavam prati gacchatyon nama iti // abhivaadaye … Asmi Bhoh // 

This mantra should be uttered facing the quarter in which, the japa was done, meditating on the Supreme self who has taken the forms of three deities, and prostrating. 

Meaning 

Jagadeka-chakshushe -The one eye of the universe Jagat
prasooti-sthiti -naasahetave -The cause of Creation, maintenance and destruction of the universe. 

Trayee mayaaya -The embodiment of the Vedas. 

Trigunaatma Dhaarine Virinchi Narayana Sankaraatmane – The three gunas taking the three forms as Brahma, Vishnu and Siva.

Savitre – To the Sun God. 

Namah – Salutations. 

Salutations to the Sun God, the Eye of the Universe, the Cause of Creation, Maintenance and Destruction of the Universe, the three Gunas, taking form asBrahma, Vishnu and Shiva. 

Savitrumandala-Madhyavartee -He who lives in the centre of the solar orb. 

Sarasijaasana Sannivishtah – Who sits in Padmaasana 

Keyuravaan Makara Kundalavaan Kireetee Haaree – Who has the bracelets, the big ear-rings in the ear, the crown on the  head and the pearl garland dangling on the chest. He holds the Conch and Discus and is golden-hued in body.

Sankha Chakra-Gadaa-Pane – Thou, who holdest in the hands the Conch, the Discus and the Gada (mace) 
Dwaarkaa – Dweller of Dwaraka. 

Nilaya Achyuta – He who does not lose a particle of his nature. 

Govinda – Protector of the Earth. 

Pundareekaaksha – The lotus-eyed. 

Saranaagatam maam – Me who has taken refuge (in thee) 

Raksha – Protect.

O holder of the Conch, Discus and Gada, the constant dweller in Dwaraka, the indestructible, the protector of the earth, the lotus eyed, save me who has taken refuge in Thee. 

Aakaasaat -From the sky 

Petitaim -Fallen 

Toyam -Water 

Saagaram -The ocean. 

Gacchati-yathaa – Just as it goes. 

Sarvadeva namaskaarah -Salutations to all Gods.

Kesawam prati gacchati -Goes to Kesava. 

Sree Kesavam prati gacchati – Goes to Sri Kesava 

Om Nama iti – Salutation Om. 

Just as the waters from the sky go to the Ocean, so salutations to any God reaches Kesava. Om Nama.

16.SAMARPANAM
Kaayena Vaacha Manasendriyairvaa Budhyaatmana Vaa Prakriteh Swabhaavaat // Karomi Yadyat Sakalam Parasmai Naraayanaayeti samarpayaami //. 

Kaayena -By the body. 

Vaachaa -By speech. 

Manasaa -By the mind. 

Indriyairvaa -or by the senses 

Budhyaatmana Vaa -or by the intellect

Prakriteh swabhaavaat -Or by the character of one’s nature. 

Yad Yad -Whatever. 

Karomi -I do. 

Sakalam -All that. 

Parasmai Naraayanaaya iti -To the Supreme God Narayana 

Samarpayaami – I dedicate. 

I dedicate to Narayana, the Supreme God, whatever I have done by the body, speech, mind, and the senses or by the character of nature.
Achamanam