Vedic Astrology 1

PANCHANG (THE HINDU CALENDAR)

Although it is essential to have the knowledge of arithmetical calculations to understand Indian Astrology, but for the benefit of the common people, astrologers have devised a calendar (Panchang) with the help of which, and simple arithmetical calculations, one can have knowledge about planets, good or bad for him.

It is not necessary for a common man to be an astrologer in order to understand the Panchanga. But for a smooth and systematic running of life, one should know how to interpret ‘Phalita’.

Panchang means five organs to understand the Phalita. These five things are –

Tithi (Date)
Nakshatra (Group of stars)
Yoga (an auspicious moment)
Karan (Half of the part of Tithi)
Vaar (days of the week)

TITHI

Tithi is considered as the first phase or portion (Kala) of the 16 phases of the Moon. The 15 days, commencing from Amavasya (the last day of the dark half of a lunar month) to Purnima (Full moon), are called the Tithis of the Shukla-Paksha (brighter phase) and the days commencing from Purnima to Amavasya are called Krishna Paksha (darker phase).

In Indian Astrology, the calculation of the Tithis starts from Pratipada (The first day in each half of the lunar month) of the Shukla-Paksha. They are:
Pratipada.
Dwitiya.
Tritiya.
Chaturthi.
Panchami.
Shashthi.
Saptami.
Ashtami.
Navami.
Dashami.
Ekadasi.
Dwadashi.
Trayodashi.
Chaturdashi.
Purnima.
Similarly, in the Krishna-Paksha, starting from Pratipada till Chaturdashi, all the dates are same; the only difference being the fifteenth day which is Amavasya (Moonless night)

These fifteen days have been given five names.

NANDA BHADRA JAYA RIKTA PURNA
1st day 2nd day 3rd day 4th day 5th day
6th day 7th day 8th day 9th day 10th day
11th day 12th day 13th day 14th day 15th-30th
Friday Wednesday Tuesday Saturday Thursday

If the above mentioned days falls on the given Tithis it is considered as auspicious and the work taken in hand in successfully accomplished. For example (if, 1st, 6th 11th falls on Friday, 2nd, 7th, 12th falls on Wednesday etc.)

INAUSPICIOUS DAYS – The following days (Tithis) are considered to be inauspicious, and there is a fear of hurdles, obstructing the accomplishment of the work. The names of these auspicious days have been given as follows:

DAGDHA
VISHA
HUTASHAN

The dates are considered to be inauspicious if it falls on the following days
SUN. MON TUE. WED. THUR FRI. SAT.
DAGDHA 12th 11th 5th 3rd 6th 8th 9th
VISHA 4th 6th 7th 2nd 8th 9th 7th
HUTASHAN 12th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th

If 12th day and 4th day of the months falls on Sunday and 11th & 6th falls on Monday and 5th & 7th falls on Tuesday respectively, they are considered as inauspicious.

NAKSHATRA (CONSTELLATION) – A group of stars is called Nakshatra. Just as the units used for measuring the distance is miles or kilometers in the same way the space (Akash Mandal) is measured in terms of Nakshatras (group of stars). The whole space has been divided into 27 parts and each part has been given the name of Nakshatra. They are as follows

ASHWINI.
BHARANI.
KRITIKA.
ROHINI.
MRIGASHIRA.
AARDRA.
PUNARVASU.
PUSHYA.
AASLESHA.
MAGHA.
PURVA PHALGUNI.
UTTARA PHALGUNI.
HASTA.
CHITRA.
SWATI.
VISHAKHA.
ANURADHA.
JYESHTHA.
MOOLA.
POORVAASHADHA.
UTTARAASHADHA.
SHRAVANI.
DHANISTHA.
SHATABHISHA.
PURVA BHADRAPADA.
UTTARA BHADRAPADA.
REVATI.

The Indian astrologers believe that the combination of the last 15 Ghati of ‘Uttarashadha Nakshatra’ and the first 4 Ghati of the Shravani Nakshatra i.e. 19 Ghatis in all, constitute the ‘Abhijeet Nakshatra’ and this particular Nakshatra is considered to be very auspicious to begin a good work. (One Ghatika is equal to 24 minutes)

PANCHAKA NAKSHATRA: The following group of five Nakshatras are considered as having five defects (Panchakadosha). They are Dhanistha, Shatabhisha, Purvabhadrapada, Uttarabhadrapada and Revati.

MOOLA NAKSHATRA: A child taking birth in this Nakshatra, which consists of Jyestha, Aashlesha, Revati, Mool, Magha and Ashwini Nakshatra are not considered as auspicious. .Therefore, for the pacification of this ‘Moola Nakshatra’, some specific rites are performed 27th days after the birth when the same Nakshatra returns. Out of these six Nakshatras, which constitute Moola Nakshatra, Jyeshtha and Moola are called ‘Gandant Moola’ and Aashlesha is called as ‘Sarpa Moola’.

ADHOMUKHA NAKSHATRA: As the name of this Nakshatra implies, works like digging a well, or lying a foundation is considered as auspicious. This particular Nakshatra is itself constituted by Nakshatras. They are: Moola, Aashlesha, Vishakha, Kritika, Purvaphalguni, Purvashadha, Purvabhadrapada, Bharani and Magha

DAGDHA NAKSHATRA: For commencement of any work, this Nakshatra is considered as inauspicious. Therefore, commencing any work in this Nakshatra is prohibited if the days on which, this Nakshatra falls are as under-
Sunday – Bharani
Monday – Chitra
Tuesday – Uttarashadha
Wednesday – Dhanishtha
Thursday – Uttaraphalguni
Friday – Jyeshtha
Saturday – Revati

YOGA (COMBINATIONS)
There are 27 Yogas in all. They are as under
1) VISHAKUMBHA, 2) PREETI, 3) AAYUSHMAN, 4) SAUBHAGYA, 5) SHOBHANA, 6) ATIGANDA, 7) SUKARMA, 8) DHRITI, 9) SHOOLA, 10) GAND, 11) VRIDDHI, 12) DHRUVA, 13) VYAGHAATA, 14) HARSHANA, 15) VAJRA, 16) SIDDHI, 17) VYATIPAATA, 18) VARIYAANA, 19) PARIGHA, 20) SHIVA, 21) SIDDHA, 22) SADDHYA, 23) SHUBHA, 24) SHUKLA, 25) BRAHMA, 26) INDRA, 27) VAIDHRITI.

KARANA Half of the part of a Tithi is called a Karana i.e. There are two Karanas in a Tithi. There are 11 Karanas altogether. They are: 1) BALA, 2) BAALAVA, 3) KAULAVA, 4) TAITIL, 5) GARA, 6) VANIJA, 7) VISHTI, 8) SHAKUNI, 9) CHATUSHPADA, 10) NAAGA, 11) KINSTUGHNA The first 7 of these Karanas are movable (Chara) i.e. it cannot be predetermined as to on which dates, these are going to occur, but the last 4 Karanas are fixed (Sthira), and hence can be predetermined.

VISHTIKARANA is also called ‘Bhadra’ and commencing any work during this time is prohibited. Bhadra is marked very clearly in every panchanga.

VAAR (DAYS)
There are 7 days i.e. Sunday (Ravivaar), Monday (Somavaar), Tuesday (Mangalvaar), Wednesday (Budhvaar), Thursday (Brihaspativaar), Friday (Shukravaar) and Saturday (Shanivaar). The counting of days begins from the sunrise of the first day to the sunrise of the second day. In astrology, this system is known as ‘AHORATRA’, which means day and night taken together. Omitting the first letter ‘A’ and the last three letters ‘T’,’R’,’A’, the word ‘HORA’ is coined from which, the English word ‘HOUR’ originated. There are 24 HORAS in all.
Now the question arises, why is the day coming after Sunday is named Monday, Why not other day. To understand this, we will first have to understand the positions of the planets, in the space. In astrology, the respective position of the planets are given as under –

Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Sun, Venus, Mercury and Moon.

Therefore, Saturn is the highest or the farthest planet. Below the Saturn is Jupiter, below Jupiter is Mars, below the Mars is Sun, below the Sun is Venus, below Venus is Mercury, and below Mercury is Moon. All the planets are revolving around the Sun in their respective orbits. Since there are 24 Horas in a day combined with night, therefore, each Hora consists of an hour. The ‘Lord’ of each Hora is a planet from the nearest lower orbit.
The Lord of the first HORA is the Sun. In the beginning of the creation, the Sun was visible first of all and for that very reason, it has been considered as the lord of the first Hora and also the first day has been named after it. The next Hora is named after ‘Shukra’ (Venus, which is the lord of the second HORA, and whose orbit is just below the Sun. The lord of the third Hora is ‘Budha’ (Mercury) whose orbit is just below that of Shukra (Venus). The lord of the fourth orbit is the Moon (Chandrama), whose orbit is below that of Venus and so on. In this way, the lord of the 24th HORA is again Mercury and the Moon (Chandrama). The following chart clearly shows the positions of the planets (horizontally) in order, and the days of the week (vertically) in order. From the Hora chart, it is quite clear that the Moon is the lord of the first Hora (Hour) of the second day(Monday), hence the next day after Sunday is called Monday. Similarly, the lord of the first Hora of the third day is Mars (Tuesday), the lord of the first Hora of the fourth day is Mercury (Wednesday), the lord of the first Hora of the fifth day is Jupiter (Thursday), the lord of the first Hora of the sixth day is Venus (Friday) and the lord of the first Hora of the Seventh day is Saturn (Saturday).
Therefore, the name of the days in order are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday.

GENTLE DAYS: Monday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday are considered as the ‘gentle’ days. These days are considered auspicious for commencing any good work.

NOT GENTLE DAYS: Tuesday, Sunday and Saturday are considered as ‘Not Gentle days. Saturday is considered an auspicious day for undergoing operation. Thursday is considered auspicious for starting education. Wednesday is considered auspicious to start any business.

Nakshatra (Devanagari: नक्षत्र,Sanskrit: nakshatra, ‘star’, fromnaksha, ‘approach’, and tra, ‘guard’) or lunar mansion is one of the 27 divisions of the sky, identified by the prominent star(s) in them, used in Jyotish Overview
Each nakshatra represents a division of the ecliptic similar to the zodiac (13°20’ each instead of the 30° for each zodiac sign). The orbit of the moon is 27.3 days, so the Moon takes approximately one day to pass through each nakshatra.
The starting point for the nakshatras is the point on the ecliptic directly opposite to the star Spica called Chitrā in Sanskrit(other slightly-different definitions exist). It is called Meshādior the “start of Aries”. The ecliptic is divided into each of thenakshatras eastwards starting from this point.
The list of Nakshatras is found in the Vedic texts (AV 19.7;Taittiriya Samhita) and also in the Shatapatha Brahmana. The first astronomy text that lists them is the Vedanga Jyotisha ofLagadha.
In Hindu mythology, the Nakshastras were invented by Dakshaand are personified as daughters of the deity and as mythological wives of Chandra, the moon god. Some even make them the daughters of Kashyapa, the brother of Daksha.[2]
Each of the nakshatras is governed as ‘lord’ by one of the nine graha in the following sequence: Ketu (South Lunar Node), Shukra (Venus), Ravi or Surya (Sun), Chandra(Moon), Mangala (Mars), Rahu (North Lunar Node), Guru or Brihaspati (Jupiter),Shani (Saturn) and Budha (Mercury). This cycle repeats itself three times to cover all 27 nakshatras. The lord of each nakshatra determines the planetary period known as the dasha , which is considered of major importance in forecasting the life path of the individual.

Nakshatra descriptions

Each nakshatra represents a division of the ecliptic similar to the zodiac (13°20’ each instead of the 30° for each zodiac sign). The orbit of the moon is 27.3 days, so the Moon takes approximately one day to pass through each nakshatra.
The starting point for the nakshatras is the point on the ecliptic directly opposite to the star Spica called Chitrā in Sanskrit (other slightly-different definitions exist). It is calledMeshādi or the “start of Aries”. The ecliptic is divided into each of the nakshatras eastwards starting from this point.
The list of Nakshatras is found in the Vedic texts (AV 19.7; Taittiriya Samhita) and also in the Shatapatha Brahmana. The first astronomy text that lists them is the Vedanga Jyotisha of Lagadha.
In Hindu mythology, the Nakshastras were invented by Daksha and are personified as daughters of the deity and as mythological wives of Chandra, the moon god. Some even make them the daughters of Kashyapa, the brother of Daksha.[2]
Each of the nakshatras is governed as ‘lord’ by one of the nine graha in the following sequence: Ketu (South Lunar Node), Shukra (Venus), Ravi or Surya (Sun), Chandra(Moon), Mangala (Mars), Rahu (North Lunar Node), Guru or Brihaspati (Jupiter), Shani(Saturn) and Budha (Mercury). This cycle repeats itself three times to cover all 27 nakshatras. The lord of each nakshatra determines the planetary period known as thedasha , which is considered of major importance in forecasting the life path of the individual.

Every Nakshatra has 4 PARTS charan or Padas and Every Rashi in the zodiac has nine Parts or charans or Padas each
Look chart above

Ashvini (अश्विनी) (Horse Woman)
Lord: Ketu (South lunar node)
Symbol : Horse’s head
Deity : Ashwini Kumaras, the horse-headed twins who are physicians to the gods
Indian zodiac: 0° – 13°20′ Mesha ; 
All 4 in Mesha

Bharani (भरणी) (Bearer of New Life)
Lord: Shukra (Venus)
Symbol: Yoni,
Deity: Yama, god of death or Dharma
Indian zodiac: 13° 20′ – 26°40′ Mesha ; 
All 4 in Mesha

Krittika (क्रृत्तिका) (One Who Cuts)
Lord: Ravi (Sun)
Symbol: Knife or spear
Deity : Agni, god of fire
Indian zodiac: 26°40′ Mesha – 10° Vrishabha ; 
Ist part in Mesha and other three in Vrishabha

Rohini (रोहिणी) (Red One)
Lord: Chandra (Moon)
Symbol: Cart or chariot, temple, banyan tree
Deity : Brahma or Prajapati, the Creator
Indian zodiac: 10° – 23°20′ Vrishabha ; 
All 4 in Vrishabha

Mrigashīrsha (म्रृगशीर्षा) (Head of a Deer)
Lord: Mangala (Mars)
Symbol: Deer’s head
Deity: Soma, Chandra, the Moon god
Indian zodiac: 23° 20′ Vrishabha – 6° 40′ Mithuna ; 
2 Part in Vrishabha and other 2 in Mithun

Ardra (आर्द्रा) (Moist One))
Lord: Rahu (North lunar node)
Symbol: Teardrop, diamond, a human head
Deity : Rudra, the storm god
Indian zodiac: 6° 40′ – 20° Mithuna ; 
All 4 in Mithun

Punarvasu (पुनर्वसु) (Return of the Light)
Lord: Guru (Jupiter)
Symbol : Bow and quiver
Deity : Aditi, mother of the gods
Indian zodiac: 20° Mithuna – 3°20′ Karka ; 
3 Part in Mithun and 1 part in Karka

Pushya (पुष्य) (Nourishing)
Lord: Shani (Saturn)
Symbol : Cow’s udder, lotus, arrow and circle
Deity : Bṛhaspati, priest of the gods
Indian zodiac: 3°20′ -16°40′ Karka ; 
All 4 in Karka

Āshleshā (आश्लेषा) (The Embracer)
Lord: Budh (Mercury)
Symbol: Serpent
Deity : Sarpas or Nagas, deified snakes
Indian zodiac: 16°40′ – 30° Karka ; 
All 4 in Karka

Magha (मघा) (The Great One)
gulusLord: Ketu (south lunar node)
Symbol : Royal Throne
Deity : Pitrs, ‘The Fathers’, family ancestors
Indian zodiac: 0° – 13°20′ Simha ; 
All 4 in Simha

Purva Phalgunī (पूर्व फाल्गुनी) (Former Reddish One)
Lord: Shukra (Venus)
Symbol : Front legs of bed, hammock, fig tree
Deity : Bhaga, god of marital bliss and prosperity
Indian zodiac: 13°20′ – 26°40′ Simha ; 
All 4 in Simha

Uttara Phalgunī (उत्तर फाल्गुनी) (Latter Reddish One)
Lord: Surya (Sun)
Symbol: Four legs of bed, hammock
Deity : Aryaman, god of patronage and favours
Indian zodiac: 26°40′ Simha- 10° Kanya ; 
1 Part in Simha andother three in Kanya

Hasta (हस्त) (The Hand)
Lord: Chandra (Moon)
Symbol: Hand or fist
Deity : Saviti or Surya, the Sun god
Indian zodiac: 10° – 23°20′ Kanya ; 
All 4 in Kanya

Chitra (चित्रा) (Bright One)
Lord: Mangala (Mars)
Symbol: Bright jewel or pearl
Deity : Tvastar or Vishvakarman, the celestial architect
Indian zodiac: 23°20′ Kanya – 6°40′ Tula ; 
2 Part in Kanya and other 2 in Tula

Svātī (स्वाति) (Sword or Independence)
Lord: Rahu (north lunar node)
Symbol: Shoot of plant, coral
Deity : Vayu, the Wind god
Indian zodiac: 6°40′ – 20° Tula ; 
All 4 in Tula

Vishakha (विशाखा) ( Fork Shaped)
Lord: Guru (Jupiter)
Symbol : Triumphal arch, potter’s wheel
Deity : Indira, chief of the gods; Agni, god of Fire
Indian zodiac: 20° Tula – 3°20′ Vrishchika ; 
3 part in Tula and 1 part in Vrischika

Anuradha (अनुराधा) (Disciple of Divine Spark)
Lord: Shani (Saturn)
Symbol : Triumphal archway, lotus
Deity : Mitra, one of Adityas of friendship and partnership
Indian zodiac: 3°20′ – 16°40′ Vrishchika ; 
All 4 in Vrishcika

Jyeshtha (ज्येष्ठा) (The Eldest)
Lord: Budh (Mercury)
Symbol : circular amulet, umbrella, earring
Deity : Indra, chief of the gods
Indian zodiac: 16°40′ – 30° Vrishchika ; 
All 4 in Vrischika

Mula (मूल) (The Root)
Lord: Ketu (south lunar node)
Symbol : Bunch of roots tied together, elephant goad
Deity : Nirrti, god of dissolution and destruction
Indian zodiac: 0° – 13°20′ Dhanus ; 
All 4 in Dhanu

Purva Ashadha (पूर्वाषाढ़ा) (Early Victory or The Undefeated)
Lord: Shukra (Venus)
Symbol: Elephant tusk, fan, winnowing basket
Deity : Apah, god of Water
Indian zodiac: 13°20′ – 26°40′ Dhanus ;
All 4 in Dhanu

Uttara Ashadha (उत्तराषाढ़ा) (Latter victory or Latter Undefeated)
Lord: Surya (Sun)
Symbol : Elephant tusk, small bed
Deity : Vishvedas, universal gods
Indian zodiac: 26°40′ Dhanus – 10° Makara ; 
! part in Dhanu and other 3 in Makar

Shravana (श्रवण) (Hearing)
Lord: Chandra (Moon)
Symbol : Ear or Three Footprints
Deity : Vishnu, preserver of universe
Indian zodiac: 10° – 23°20′ Makara ; 
All 4 in Makar

Dhanishta (श्रविष्ठा) (Richest One)
Lord: Mangala (Mars)
Symbol : Drum or flute
Deity : Eight vasus, deities of earthly abundance
Indian zodiac: 23°20′ Makara – 6°40′ Kumbha ; 
2 parts in Makar and other Parts in Kumbha

Shatabhisha (शतभिषा) (Hundred Healers)
Lord: Rahu (north lunar node)
Symbol : Empty circle, 1,000 flowers or stars
Deity : Varuna, god of cosmic waters, sky and earth
Indian zodiac: 6°40′ – 20° Kumbha ; 
All 4 in Kumbha

Purva Bhadrapada (पूर्वभाद्रपदा) (Former Happy Feet)
Lord: Guru (Jupiter)
Symbol : Swords or two front legs of funeral cot, man with two faces
Deity : Ajikapada, an ancient fire dragon
Indian zodiac: 20° Kumbha – 3°20′ Meena ; 
3 Parts in Kumbha and 1 part in Meena

Uttara Bhādrapadā (उत्तरभाद्रपदा) (Latter Happy Feet)
Lord: Shani (Saturn)
Symbol : Twins, back legs of funeral cot, snake in the water
Deity : Ahir Budhyana, serpent or dragon of the deep
Indian zodiac: 3°20′ – 16°40′ Meena ; 
All 4 in Meena

Revati (रेवती) (The Wealthy)
Lord: Budh (Mercury)
Symbol : Fish or a pair of fish, drum
Deity : Pushan, nourisher, the protective deity
Indian zodiac: 16°40′ – 30° Meena ; 
All 4 in Meena

There is an additional 28th intercalary nakshatra, Abhijit (अभिजित) between Uttarasharha and Sravana). Its longitude starts from 06° 40′ to 10° 53′ 40 in sidereal Capricorn Makara i.e. from the last quarter of Uttra Ashadha to first 1/15 th part of Shravana. Its span is 4° 13′ 40 (4.22777… degrees). The span of 27 mean daily lunar motions totals 355.76167 degrees, and together these total 359.98945 degrees. Unless specifically mentioned it is not included in the list of the 27 constellations. It is held as an auspicious constellation in electional astrology. It is small (Laghu / Kshipra) in nature. The lord of Abhijit is Brahma.

Divisions of the nakshatras

The 27 Nakshatras cover 13°20’ of the ecliptic each. Each Nakshatra is also divided into quarters or padas of 3°20’, as follows:
#
Name
Pada 1
Pada 2
Pada 3
Pada 4
1
Ashvinī (अश्विनि)
चु Chu
चे Che
चो Cho
ला La
2
Bharanī (भरणी)
ली Li
लू Lu
ले Le
पो Lo
3
Krittikā (कृत्तिका)
अ A
ई I
उ U
ए E
4
Rohini (रोहिणी)
ओ O
वा Va/Ba
वी Vi/Bi
वु Vu/Bu
5
Mrigashīrsha (म्रृगशीर्षा)
वे Ve/Be
वो Vo/Bo
का Ka
की Ke
6
Ārdrā (आर्द्रा)
कु Ku
घ Gha
ङ Ng/Na
छ Chha
7
Punarvasu (पुनर्वसु)
के Ke
को Ko
हा Ha
ही Hi
8
Pushya (पुष्य)
हु Hu
हे He
हो Ho
ड Da
9
Āshleshā (आश्लेषा)
डी Di
डू Du
डे De
डो Do
10
Maghā (मघा)
मा Ma
मी Mi
मू Mu
मे Me
11
Pūrva or Pūrva Phalgunī (पूर्व फाल्गुनी)
नो Mo
टा Ta
टी Ti
टू Tu
12
Uttara or Uttara Phalgunī (उत्तर फाल्गुनी)
टे Te
टो To
पा Pa
पी Pi
13
Hasta (हस्त)
पू Pu
ष Sha
ण Na
ठ Tha
14
Chitrā (चित्रा)
पे Pe
पो Po
रा Ra
री Ri
15
Svātī (स्वाति)
रू Ru
रे Re
रो Ro
ता Ta
16
Vishākhā (विशाखा)
ती Ti
तू Tu
ते Te
तो To
17
Anurādhā (अनुराधा)
ना Na
नी Ni
नू Nu
ने Ne
18
Jyeshtha (ज्येष्ठा)
नो No
या Ya
यी Yi
यू Yu
19
Mūla (मूल)
ये Ye
यो Yo
भा Bha
भी Bhi
20
Pūrva Ashādhā (पूर्वाषाढ़ा)
भू Bhu
धा Dha
फा Bha/Pha
ढा Dha
21
Uttara Ashādhā (उत्तराषाढ़ा)
भे Bhe
भो Bho
जा Ja
जी Ji
22
Shravana (श्रवण)
खी Ju/Khi
खू Je/Khu
खे Jo/Khe
खो Gha/Kho
23
Shravishthā (श्रविष्ठा) or Dhanistā
गा Ga
गी Gi
गु Gu
गे Ge
24
Shatabhishā (शतभिषा)or Shatataraka
गो Go
सा Sa
सी Si
सू Su
25
Pūrva Bhādrapadā (पूर्वभाद्रपदा)
से Se
सो So
दा Da
दी Di
26
Uttara Bhādrapadā (उत्तरभाद्रपदा)
दू Du
थ Tha
झ Jha
ञ Da/Tra
27
Revatī (रेवती)
दे De
दो Do
च Cha
ची Chi
Nakshatra names in Malayalam
The names of nakshatras in Malayalam are adapted from the Sanskrit variation (apabhramsa) through Pali or Prakrit. The variations evolved for easier pronunciation in popular usage.
#
Sanskrit
Malayalam
1
Ashvinī
Ashvati
2
Bharanī
Bharaṇi
3
Krittikā
Kārttika
4
Rohini
Rōhiṇi
5
Mrigashīrsha
Makayiram
6
Ārdrā
Tiruvātira (Ātira)
7
Punarvasu
Puṇartam
8
Pushya
Pūyam
9
Āshleshā
Āyilyam
10
Maghā
Makam
11
Pūrva or Pūrva Phalgunī
Pūram
12
Uttara or Uttara Phalgunī
Utram
13
Hasta
Attam
14
Chitrā
Chittira
15
Svātī
Chōti
16
Vishākhā
Vishākham
17
Anurādhā
Anizham
18
Jyeshtha
Kēṭṭa (Trikkēṭṭa)
19
Mūla
Mūlam
20
Pūrva Ashādhā
Pūrāṭam
21
Uttara Ashādhā
Utrāṭam
22
Shravana
Tiruvōnam
23
Shravishthā or Dhanistā
Aviṭṭam
24
Shatabhishā or Shatataraka
Chatayam
25
Pūrva Bhādrapadā
Pūruruṭṭāti
26
Uttara Bhādrapadā
Uttṛṭṭāti
27
Revati
Rēvati

RASHI CHAKRA (ZODIAC CYCLE)

The whole cycle is of 3600. Since there are 12 Zodiacs therefore each zodiac is of 360 / 27 = 300. Similarly if we divide 360 / 27 = 13.20. Therefore each zodiac consists of 13.20 Kala, that means each zodiac consists of 2 ¼ Nakshatras.

If we look at the sky carefully we would observe some specific shapes. The names of the Zodiac have been established on these shapes. If we examine a person name as per the Zodiac and match it with his qualities, we will come to the conclusion that both the things tally.

ARIES : This zodiac is considered to be variable cruel of having manliness & Fire elements, the Master of Eastern direction, established in the Forehead, Rising From the back (rear) side (Prishthodaya), having violent nature, Red Colour & water touching its feet (Paadajala). This effects the ‘bile’ in our body. The master of this zodiac is Mars. The position of the Sun is considered to be High and the Saturn Low, i.e. Sun is second only to the Mars in having effect. The Saturn is least effective.

A man born in this zodiac is brave, Proud and obliger of the Friends. This zodiac expresses its qualities in the first ninth part i.e. from 10 – 3 ½ .

TAURUS: This zodiac is considered to be Invariable, gentle of having womanliness, the master of the southern direction, rising form the rear side, established in the mouth, causing excessive wind in our body (Flatus). Taurus is also called water touching Half its body (Ardhajala Rashi) Zodiac.

The master of this Zodiac is Venus. The position of the Moon is High. The Moon is called the Mola Trikona between the position of 4 degrees to 30 degrees Rahu (Dragon’s Head) is high and Ketu (Dragon’s Tail) is low.

A man born in this zodiac is selfish doing work after giving great thought, expert in worldly affairs and Hard working Taurus shows its full potential in the fifth ninth part that is between 13 1/3 degrees to 16 2/3 degrees.

GEMINI : This is considered to be of variable & Invariable, Nature, Cruel, Manly, affecting the wind-element. The master of the western direction grows upwardly. It affects the body by varying all the three DOSHAS i.e. Cough, Wind and Bile in effect. This is called a Dry (Nirjal) Zodiac. Mercury is the master of this Zodiac.

A person born in this Zodiac is interested in Studies and Arts. Gemini is most powerful till the nineth part.

CANCER : This is considered to be variable Nature. Gentle, Womanly consisting of water element (Jala Tatva). Cancer is the master of Northern direction growing from the rear side, a factor giving fair colour to a person born in this Zodiac. This is a complete water zodiac (PURNA JALA RASHI). The master of this Zodiac is Moon. Cancer is also the basic Triangle (MOOLA TRIKONA) of the Rahu (Dragon’s head).

A person born in this zodiac has the tendency to achieve success in life, is shy, and does his work with full concentration. Cancer is most powerful between the 10 – 3 1/30 of the first ninth part.

LEO : This is considered to be Invariable, cruel, Manly consisting of fire elements, growing upwards, having yellow colour is established in the heart. Leo is the master of the Eastern direction. This is a Dry zodiac.

The Sun is the master of this zodiac. From 1 degree to 20 degrees it is called the MOOLA TRIKONA of the Sun, and the remaining is called SWAGRIHA (OWN HOUSE).

A person born in this zodiac is affected by the Bile element, loves to travel, lover of freedom, Thinker, gracious. This Zodiac shows its full potential between 13 1/30 to 16 2/30 of the fifth Nine parts.

VIRGO : It is considered to be of both Variable & Invariable, Nature, Gentle, Womanly, Consisting of earth element, Master of the southern direction, growing upwards is of yellow colour, is a dry zodiac.

Mercury is the master of this Zodiac. Mercury’s position is high in this zodiac till the 15 degree and between 16 degree- 25 degree it is situated in the MOOLA-TRIKONA, and remains in its own House in the rest.

A person born in this zodiac has the same qualities as that of a Gemini. He as the desire for success and care’s for his self-respect.

This zodiac shows its full potential in the Nineth NAVAMANSA i.e. between 26 2/3 degrees- 30 degrees.

LIBRA : This zodiac is considered to be Variable, Cruel, Manly of varying the wind elements in the body, Master of the western-side, established in the part below the Navel, upward growing, is a PAADAJALA RASHI (water touching the feet). The master of this zodiac is Venus. The position of the sun is low and that of Saturn is high. Till the 20 degree there is a MOOLA TRIKONA of the Venus and for the rest it lies in its own house. KETU behaves friendly in this zodiac.

A person born in this zodiac is Thoughtful, loves to acquire knowledge and is a politician. Libra shows its full potential between the 10 – 31/30 of the NAVASANSA.

SCORPION : Invariable, Gentle, Womanly consisting of water element, rising upward, Master of the Northern side, Causes fair & golden colour and effect the cough element in our body.

The master of this zodiac is Mars and the MOON is situated low in this zodiac. A person born in this zodiac is Proud, Frank of inflexible nature of pure heart. Scorpion is most powerful between the 13 1/3 to 16 2/3 degrees in the fifth NAVAMANSH.

SAGITARIUS : It is considered to be of both Variable & Invariable Nature, strong, Manly consisting of Fire-element, Master of the eastern direction, is established in the joints of our Legs & also Thighs, rising from the rear side, this causes golden colour and bile element. This is also called ARDHAJALA RASHI. The Jupiter is the master of this zodiac till 20 degree there is a MOOLA TRIKONA of the Jupiter, and for the rest it is SWAGRIHA (OWN HOUSE).

A person born in this zodiac is Authoritarian, compassionate and has propriety of conduct. This zodiac shows its full potential in the Nineth Navamansha between 26 2/3 to 30 degrees.

CAPRICORN : This zodiac is considered to be of variable nature, Gentle established in the knuckles of the feet, and knee, rising from the rear side, causes VAAYU DOSHA (Wind Defect) and yellowish colour to a man form in this zodiac. This is called complete- water-zodiac (PURNA JALA RASHI).

The Saturn is the master of this zodiac, Jupiter is low, and the Ketu is situated in the MOOLA TRIKONA. A Capricorn by nature is ambitious. The full potential of Capricorn is shown in the first Navamansha.

AQUARIUS : This is considered to be of invariable nature, strongl, Manly affects the proportion of the Wind element (VAYUTATVA) is established in the lower part of the knee & calf upward rising gives peculiar colours, is HALF-WATER-ZODIAC (ARDHA JALA RASHI).

Saturn is the master of this zodiac. It is the Moola Trikona of the Saturn till 20 degrees and the rest is its own house. An Aquarius by nature is thoughtful, gentle at heart and Religious. This zodiac shows its full potential in the fifth Navamansh, between 13 1/3 degree and 18 2/3 degrees.

PISCES : This is considered to be of both the nature i.e. variable and invariable, Gentle, Womanly, Master of the northern direction is a Jala Rashi established in the legs and its toes, Rising both from the rear side and rising upwardly. Affects the Phlegm (KAFA TATYA) in our body, gives yellowish colour. This is a Purna JALA RASHI.

Jupiter is the master of this zodiac and mercury’s position is low. A person born in this zodiac is very gentle nature, generous and soft at heart. This zodiac shows its full potential in the Nineth Navamansha between 26 2/3 degrees and 30 degrees.
SOME FACTS REGARDING THE PLANETS
Just as to understand the language and predictions of the Birth Chart (Janma Patree) the knowledge of Bhava (the position of the planets in the twelve houses of the zodiac) and Rashi (Zodiac), are essential. In the same way it is essential to have the knowledge of the nature of the planets, the appearance of the planets, to understand the planets.

There are seven main planets, they are :
1) SUN , 2) MOON , 3) MARS , 4) MERCURY, 5) JUPITER , 6) VENUS , 7) SATURN.

Rahu (Dragon’s Head) & Ketu (Dragon’s tail) are considered as CHAYAGRAHA (SHADOW PLANETS)

THE BIRTH CHART
(Kundali or Janma Patree or The Horoscope)

The BIRTH CHART (JANMA PATREE) personifies the accumulated Karmas (actions) of a man’s previous birth. Just as a huge Banyan tree is culminated in its roots, similarly, the birth chart shows the Karmas man has committed in his previous births. A man faces the consequences (Joys and Sorrows) of those accumulated Karmas and destiny in his present life, which can be compared with a boat, with the help of his actions of the present birth, which is like the helm of the boat.

So the BIRTH CHART gives information regarding fate and destiny. It is possible to make slight changes in the consequences of the unforeseen actions committed in one’s previous birth, by doing appropriate Karmas in the present birth. The chief use of the Birth Chart is to have knowledge of the unforeseen, and rectify the actions accordingly. We can change the course of the misfortune, if we have the prior knowledge of our destiny. But if the intensity of the unforeseen Karmas of the previous birth is stronger, one is sure to face its consequences, and one cannot change it. Similarly, if the Karmas of the present birth are stronger (Pious and good actions), the unforeseen accumulated Karmas of the previous birth, will not be able to have an effect on the present life.

While preparing the Birth Chart, three facts are required-
1) Birth time
2) Date of Birth
3) Place of Birth

Suppose, a child takes birth in Mumbai on 17/7/2000 at 2.20 afternoon. Now first of all, we find out the ‘ISHTA GHANTA’ (Desired-Hour). The method of finding out the ISHTA GHANTA is as follows:

Time of birth – Sunrise Time = ISHTA GHANTA

Time of Birth = 2.20 = 14.20

Time of Sunrise = 6.11
Ishta Ghanta = 8.9
By multiplying the Ishta Ghanta with 21/2 we get Ishta Ghati,
So Ishta Ghanta x 2 ½ = Ishta Ghati
8.9 x 21/2 = 22.25

According to the ‘Panchang’, the position of the Sun in degrees was 3-00-51-48
Now if we look at the LAGNA CHART of Mumbai in front of the zodiac sign Cancer column and below 00 degree we get –
5-55
adding Ishta Ghanta to it
+ 8 – 09
14-04

Again, observing the MUMBAI PANCHANG in front of 14-04, we get it in LIBRA under 23 degree. Therefore our conclusion is that, the Lagna at the time of birth was Libra. The positions of the planets regarding zodiacs on that day were as under-

LAGNA – LIBRA
SUN – CANCER
MOON CAPRICORN
MARS – GEMINI
MERCURY- GEMINI
JUPITER- TAURUS
VENUS -CANCER
SATURN- TAURUS
RAHU – CANCER
KETU – CAPRICORN

LAGNA CHART (ASCENDANT CHART)

The Birth Chart (Janma Patree) is divided into 12 parts (or houses) and each part is named as under
1. PRATHAMA BHAVA (1st House)
2. DWITIYA BHAVA (2nd House)
3. TRITIYA BHAVA (3rd House)
4. CHATURTHA BHAVA (4th House)
5. PANCHAMA BHAVA (5th House)
6. SHASHTHA BHAVA (6th House)
7. SAPTAMA BHAVA (7th House)
8. ASHTAM BHAVA (8th House)
9. NAVAM BHAVA (9th House)
10. DASHAM BHAVA (10th House)
11. EKADASH BHAVA (11th House)
12. DWADASH BHAVA (12th House)

In ‘Phalit Astrology’ (a branch of Astrology), they are given different names which are as under –

Again there are twelve different names given to each BHAVA they are shown below

The above mentioned twelve Bhavas give the following information:

1) PRATHAMA BHAVA (1st House) – This Bhava is associated with the body i.e. body’s colour, figure, quality, fame, place, joy, sorrow, tour, strength, weakness, beauty, characteristics or signs and aura of the person. The Sun effects this first Bhava.

2) DWITIYA BHAVA (2ND House) : This Bhava is called ‘DHANA BHAVA’ because it is connected with wealth. Jupiter is the planet having effect on this BHAVA. Wealth, eyes (especially the right eye), mouth, family, aunt, (Mother’s sister), maternal uncle, friendship, food items, matter, the right-hand side parts of the body, general education, and buying and selling are concerned with this BHAVA. Mars is ineffective if situated in this BHAVA.

3) TRITIYA BHAVA (3rd House): This BHAVA is also named as ‘SAHAJA BHAVA’. It is concerned with the following things – younger brother, younger sister, bravery, valour, patience, sperm, bones, neck & throat, ears, clothes, servants, medicines etc. Mars is the main planet having effect on this BHAVA.

4) CHATURTHA BHAVA (4th House) : This is also called ‘SUKHA BHAVA’. Things concerned with this BHAVA, are knowledge & learning, mother, property, pleasure of having vehicles, friends, fortune of receiving king’s or ruler’s favour, house, father’s wealth, fragrance, morality, religiousness and bravery.

The Moon is the main planet affecting this BHAVA. Mercury is ineffective in this BHAVA.

5) PANCHAMA BHAVA (5th House) : This is also called ‘PUTRA (SON) BHAVA’. It is concerned with devotion to God, son, intelligence, virtuous actions, knowledge of the self, heart, stomach area, power of judgement etc. Jupiter is the main planet having effect on this Bhava. In some conditions, Jupiter is ineffective.

6) SHASHTHA BHAVA (6th House) : This Bhava has also been named as ‘RIPU (Enemy) Bhava’. There are negative effects of this BHAVA. It is concerned with enemy, loss, quarrel, hurdles, debt, diseases, theft, wounds, maternal uncle, husband of mother’s sister, mother’s sister, navel and stomach areas. The main planets having effect on this BHAVA are Saturn and Mars while Venus is ineffective in this Bhava.

7) SAPTAMA BHAVA (7TH House) : This Bhava is also called ‘PATNI (wife) Bhava’. It is concerned with wife, husband, marriage, brother, son, departure, regaining lost wealth, knowledge, authority, commerce etc.
Venus is the main planet affecting this Bhava. The Saturn is ineffective in this Bhava.

8) ASHTAMA BHAVA (8th House) : This Bhava has also been named ‘MRITYU (Death) Bhava’. As the name implies, it is concerned with death i.e. age, life, death, the cause of death, place of death. It is also concerned with the pleasures of food, high rank, victory, defeat, eldest son of the sister, genitals and sense organs. Saturn effects this Bhava with full force.

9) NAVAM BHAVA (9th House) : This is called ‘Dharma (Religion) Bhava’. This Bhava is concerned with religious ceremonies, penance, favour received from teacher, pilgrimage, finance, rheumatism, grandchildren, wealth, leadership qualities and the public. Sun is the main planet having effect on this Bhava. Jupiter also effects this Bhava.

10) DASHAMA BHAVA (10th House) : This Bhava is called ‘Karma (Action) Bhava’. It is concerned with authority, respect, business, agriculture, awards, foreign tours, virtuous actions according to the ways described in the Vedas. Renouncement of worldly life, fame as a result of expertise in science, clothes, ornaments, sleep, knees and thighs. The planets affecting this Bhava are Jupiter, Sun, Mercury and Saturn.

11) EKADASH BHAVA (11th House) : This Bhava has also been named as ‘AAY (Income) Bhava’. This is concerned with gains and profits of commodities, money, elder brother, elder sister, younger brother’s son, friends, left ear and ornaments worn in ears etc. Jupiter is the main planet having effect on this Bhava.

12) DWADASHA BHAVA (12th House) : Another name of this Bhava is ‘Jaya (victory) Bhava’. It is concerned with travel, charity, expense, hell, fear of losing organs of the body, left eye, pleasure of sleep, royal punishment, fear of imprisonment, younger sister’s son, downfall etc.Saturn is the planet having effect on this Bhava.

Moola Trikona Bhava

The First, Fifth & the Ninth House are called Moola Trikona Bhava

Dashas provide a system to judge the effects of the planets throughout a person’s life, by indicating how the planets distribute their effects throughout a lifetime. Each dasha is controlled by one planet, and the quality and relative benevolence of each period is determined by the condition and position of that planet in the natal chart.
There are nine planets or grahas which may rule dashas: the seven classical planets, plus the north node, Rahu, and south node, Ketu, of the Moon.
There are at least 43 different dasha systems, Some of which are as follows- 1 Vimshottari dasha 2 Ashtotari dasha 3 Yogini dasha 4 Kaalchakra dasha 5 Panchottari dasha 6 DwisaptatiSama dasha 7 Shasthiyayni dasha 8 Dwadashottari dasha 9 Shodashottari dasha 10 Shatabdika dasha 11 Chara dasha 12 Sthira dasha 13 Varnada dasha 14 Shoola dasha 15 Brahma dasha 16 Kaal dasha 17 Chakra Dasha 18 Karaka Dasha 19 Manduka Dasha 20 Kendra dasha 21 Navamsa Dasha 22 Drig Dasha

Vimshottari Dasha

Vimshottari Dasha is a 120 year long cycle of planetary positions based on the position of the Moon in one of the 27 divisions, or lunar mansions, called nakshatras. In this system, each planet is assigned a different mahadasha or major period, ranging from six to twenty years. For example, the mahadasha of Shukra (Venus), lasts twenty years and is believed to bring wealth, good fortune and luxury to the person who has it well positioned in their horoscope.
Each of the seven planets and the two lunar nodes (making the nine navagraha) has its own period or mahadasha in the cycle. Each graha is the lord (or ruler) of three of the twenty seven nakshatras (3 x 9), which, together with the position of the moon, determine how the system operates. The order and times of the mahadashas are shown in the following table:

Graha Mahadasha Lord of Nakshatras

Ketu (south node) 7 Years Ashwini Magha Mula
Venus 20 Years Bharani Purva Phalguni(pubba) Purva Ashadha
Sun 6 Years Krittika Uttara Phalguni(uttara) Uttara Ashadha
Moon 10 Years Rohini Hasta Shravana
Mars 7 Years Mrigashirsha Chitra Dhanishtha
Rahu (north node) 18 Years Ardra Swati Shatabhishak
Jupiter 16 Years Punarvasu Vishakha Purva Bhadra
Saturn 19 Years Pushya Anuradha Uttara Bhadra
Mercury 17 Years Ashlesha Jyestha Revati

Position of the moon
For each individual the order of the mahadashas depends upon the placement of the moon in the nakshatras. The nakshatra in which the moon is occupant at birth determines the first mahadasha of the person’s life, depending on which of the graha is its lord. For example, if the moon is in Punarvasu at birth, the Vimshottari cycle for that person will begin with the mahadasha of Jupiter, the lord of Punarvasu.
However, the exact position of the moon in the nakshatra also determines the proportion of the first mahadasha that there is to run. In other words, if the moon is 1/4 of the way through the nakshatra Punarvasu, then 1/4 of the time is taken from the first mahadasha, giving only 12 years (3/4) left for the Jupiter period to run. The person would thus come under the influence of the next mahadasha (Saturn) at only 12 years old, despite the Jupiter mahadasha normally lasting 16 years.

The mahadashas
Each of the mahadashas will have an effect on the individual’s life by highlighting the effects of the planet concerned for its duration, both in terms of its general nature, and by the exact nature of the planet’s placement in the person’s horoscope (eg. easy or difficult). Thus the exact effect of each mahadasha can vary greatly from person to person. In general terms, however, the effects of each mahadasha can be described as follows:

Ketu (7 Years)
In this period life will give the person only what is needed and will take away everything that is not. Also, any success during this dasha usually ends when the dasha itself does. When Ketu is strong it indicates sudden bursts of energy, discretion, liberation, universality, idealism, psychic ability, compassion, spirituality and self sacrifice. The effects of Ketu can be harsh and cruel when taking things away – generally it tends to strip away materialism and force a more spiritual perspective and a simpler existence. If Ketu is weakly placed it indicates possible health problems such as wounds, injuries, diseases of the spine and nervous system, ulcers, inflammations, fevers, intestinal diseases, low blood pressure, mental instability and skin diseases.

Venus (20 Years)
This is a time when the person seeks worldly happiness, and themes of marriage, love and children are prominent. Wealth, prosperity, luxury, beauty and sensual pleasures are indicated and psychic ability is increased. Success in all these areas depends on how well Venus is placed in the individual horoscope – a badly placed Venus can bring unhappiness to these areas instead. During this mahadasha friendliness and relations with others are important, and charm, care and courtesy to others and towards the person concerned will be centre stage. If Venus is weakly placed then health problems could include venereal diseases, diabetes, anemia, kidney and bladderstones, weakness of sexual organs and impotence, paralysis, and asthma.

Sun (6 Years)
This is a time when the urge to be true to him or herself burns more strongly than usual in the individual, and greater energy will be put into the search for the person’s real identity. It may be a crisis of confidence which spurs the need to seek inner truth, and purge the self of false influences. Education, spirituality, politics, medicine, business, high office in government and all forms of public success and acclaim are prominent. Astrologically, the sun is the planet of strength and power which can bring success if the person’s true nature is expressed and they follow their own path, but this period can also force the person to make sacrifices and separate from those who do not support them in achieving that goal. If the sun is badly placed in the horoscope there may be an inability to project confidence and charisma. Weak placing of the sun can lead to health problems such as weak eyesight, headaches, erratic blood circulation, blood pressure, bone fractures and cancer, fevers, dental problems and weak immune system.

Moon (10 Years)
This is the period when the person seeks connection to others through marriage, family and parenthood, which will all be themes of this time. Also indicated are starting a business, buying a home, and otherwise staking a claim in the world – in other words, themes of nurturing, security and putting down roots. It also indicates increased sensitivity, receptivity, imagination, good memory and the development of sound habits. If the moon is weakly placed in the horoscope it may mean that connections to family and children are absent, with feelings of exclusion from ‘normal’ family life. It is also a time when memories of childhood and upbringing are revisited and old issues faced, perhaps through seeing the evolution of the person’s own family. In extreme cases this period may also see episodes of mental illness and instability. Other health problems include sleep disorders, lung problems, mouth problems, digestive complaints, neurological disorders, enlargement of spleen and frequent coughs and colds.

Mars (7 Years)
This is a time to pursue goals with energy and passion, and a sense of energy and excitement is present. Courage, a thirst for action and physical strength will be increased. There is a desire in the person to better themselves during this time, and sports and competitions are prominent. Buying a home may also feature during this time as Mars rules property issues in Vedic astrology. If Mars is weakly placed in the horoscope, there may be a lack of courage, strength, inability to improve the life circumstances, and a lack of help and comfort from family. This may bring complacency and stagnation, or else power struggles and arguments with others. Possible health problems include inflammations, wounds, burns, accidents, liver complaints, skin rashes, and cancer in muscular parts of body when in close conjunction with Rahu.

Rahu (18 Years)
This period brings to the fore the degree of material attachment the person possesses and compels them to develop the qualities that are most lacking in the person’s life. This often happens at an unconscious level and can put the person in mysterious and unforeseen circumstances. However, this mahadasha can bring enormous success as it brings focus and determination to the process, but it can also leave the person feeling out of control and chaotic, as things are accumulated and experienced without a proper sense of wisdom and understanding. Occupations indicated include diplomatic jobs, jobs requiring manipulation of facts, computing, engineering, pilots, and dealing with poison and drugs. When Rahu is weak it indicates health problems with diseases of phlegm, intestines, skin, nervous system, ulcer, blood pressure, mental disturbances and cancer.

Jupiter (16 Years)
This is a period that always teaches something to the individual and it usually brings honor and recognition. It is a period of faith, hope and optimism when personal growth and a greater sense of fulfillment occurs, including marriage and children. It is a good period for opportunities for growth, and teachers and guides will play a useful role. There is a greater sense of morality, ethics and conscience in this mahadasha. Top political, business and administrative positions are indicated, such as bankers, presidents/kings, and lawyers. If Jupiter is weak however, there may also be unrealistic, over-optimistic, arrogant attitudes, and a misplaced sense of entitlement. There may be bad teachers and guides who lead the person astray. If Jupiter is difficultly placed then good health and wealth may be withheld, forcing a deeper fulfillment. Such health problems could include lymphatic and circulatory congestion, thrombosis, anemia, tumors, jaundice and other liver complaints, asthma, and diabetes. During this period the person may also meet people, or experience some random event that will change their life for the better.

Saturn (19 Years)
This is a period when the person faces their limitations, and becomes aware of the possibility of their own mortality. Detachment from worldy concerns, spirituality, concentration, dutifulness, honesty, sincerity and constancy will be emphasised. Ill health, death of loved ones and/or the fear of those things will occur. The more attached the person is to material things and pleasures the more difficult the Saturn mahadasha will be. But great success is also possible as Saturn gives responsibility, ambition, practicality and perseverance. Hospitals, old people, legacies and inheritance, wills and money matters will be prominent. This period can bring pressure and suffering in order for the person to face reality and have compassion for others and spiritual growth. If Saturn is weakly placed then health problems could include chronic and painful diseases, cancer, skin diseases, paralysis, arthritis, gout, emaciation, indigestion, dyspepsia, insanity, impotence in men, asthma, retention of urine and intestinal obstruction.

Mercury (17 Years)
This mahadasha is a time of learning, curiosity, experimentation and the pursuit of the person’s own interests. But sometimes this can be excessive. This mahadasha is a time when the person’s career and worldly life could succeed hugely, or else fail totally. Either the person devises an effective and clever plan which allows them to ascend to greater heights, or they become overwhelmed by the many tasks and details of life, leading to mental escapism, indecisiveness, lethargy and fantasy. The position of Mercury in the person’s horoscope will show how they go about things – will they say the right things, talk to the right people, get the details right – or not. At its best Mercury allows the person to see all possibilities at once, assess them accurately and discriminate between them. Qualities of good communication, intelligence, rationality, wit, shrewdness, judgment, dexterity and flexibility will also be emphasised if Mercury is well placed. If Mercury is badly placed then health problems could include psychic diseases, insomnia, nervous breakdown, skin diseases, loss of memory or speech, deafness, asthma, dyspepsia.
[edit]Bhukti
Each mahadasha is also subdivided into planetary periods called Bhukti, which run in the same order as the mahadashas, and with the same proportional length. For example, the first bhukti of Ketu is Ketu/Ketu, the second is Ketu/Venus, the third Ketu/Sun and so on. It is believed that this subdivision allows a much more detailed examination of the influence of each mahadasha, and a much clearer indication of what events are expected to occur and when.
The last bhukti of each mahadasha is considered to be a preparatory time for the major shift which the next mahadasha will bring. Thus, the last bhukti of the Sun mahadasha is Sun/Venus, which prepares for the coming Moon mahadasha by emphasising relationships and family matters. Similarly, the last bhukti of Jupiter is Jupiter/Rahu which prepares the mind for the practical and realistic Saturn mahadasha by reattaching it to stress and worldly concerns.

Deities of the Planets

Lord Shiva is considered to be the deity of the Sun.
Lord Gauri is considered to be the deity of the Moon.
Lord Kartikeya is considered to be the deity of the Mars
Lord Vishnu is considered to be the deity of Mercury.
Lord Brahma is considered to be the deity of Jupiter.
Lord Indra is considered to be the deity of Venus.
Lord Yama is considered to be the deity of Saturn.

INDICATIONS: A planet, which is placed negatively in the birth chart, has negative impacts on that part of the body, in which it is situated in the body of the KAALPURUSHA, so to neutralise the negative impacts of that particular planet, one has to worship that planet.

POSITION OF THE PLANETS RELATING TO KAALPURUSHA
(a form of the almighty God)
The Sun is considered as the Soul (ATMA) of the KAAL PURUSHA.
The Moon is considered as the MIND (MANA) of the KAAL PURUSHA.
The Mars is considered as the Power (BALA) of the KAAL PURUSHA.
The Jupiter is considered as the Knowledge (GYAN) of the KAAL PURUSHA.
The Venus is considered as the (KAAMA) of the KAAL PURUSHA.
The Saturn is considered as the Sorrow (DUKHA) of the KAAL PURUSHA.
The Sun and the Moon are also considered as the Kings.
The Mars is also considered as the Commander (SENAPATI).
The Mercury is also considered as the Prince (YUVARAJA).
The Jupiter and Venus are also considered as the Ministers (MANTRI)
and The Saturn is considered as a Servant (SEVAK).

Masculine Planets: Sun, Mars & Jupiter

Feminine planets: Moon & Venus

Neutral Planets: Mercury & Saturn

THE MASTERS OF THE FIVE ELEMENTS
Mars is the Master of the element, Fire (AGNI)

Mercury is the Master of the element, Earth (BHOOMI)

Jupiter is the Master of the element Sky (AKASH)

Venus is the Master of the element Water (JAL)

Saturn is the Master of the element Air (VAYU)

HIGH AND LOW PLANET (Uucha & Neecha)
The Sun is considered as a high planet, till the tenth degree,
in the zodiac of Aries.

The Moon is considered as a high planet, till the third degree
in the zodiac of Taurus.

The Mars is considered as a high Planet, till the twenty-eighth degree
in a zodiac of Capricorn.

The mercury is considered as a high planet, till the fifteenth degree,
in the zodiac of Virgo.

The Jupiter is considered as a high planet, till the fifth degree,
in the zodiac of Cancer.

The Venus is considered as a high planet, till the twenty-seventh degree,
in the zodiac of Pisces.

The Saturn is considered as a high planet, till the twentieth degree,
in the zodiac of Libra.

Similarly the planets are considered to be low in the seventh zodiac from their own positions respectively the degrees being the same i.e. The Sun will be a low planet till the tenth degree in the zodiac of Libra which is the seventh zodiac of the cycle.

THE FORCES OF PLANETS

The forces of the planets are classified into six types,

1) Positional force (Sthan Bal)

2) Directional Force (Dig Bala)

3) Force by effort (Chesta Bala)

4) Time Force (Kaal Nala)

5) Natural Force (Nisarga Bala)

6) Hidden Associational Force (Asth, Samagama Bala).

POSITIONAL FORCE:

If a planet is positioned in its own house, or in its ‘MOOLA TRIKONA’,1,5 or 9 house or if it is friendly with another planet or combined with an auspicious planet like Moon, or is not seen by an inauspicious planet, all these conditions are called ‘positional force’ of that planet.

DIRECTIONAL FORCE:

The Mars has a directional force in ‘Jupiter Lagna’ i.e. if the Jupiter is in the 1st house of the birth chart. The Sun has directional force if positioned in the 10th house, the Saturn has directional force if positioned in the 7th house and Venus and Moon have directional force if positioned in the fourth house.

FORCE BY EFFORT:

The Sun and the Moon are powerful when the Sun is to the north of the equator (Uttarayana). The rest of the planets have ‘Chesta Bala’ when they are either in a retrogratory motion (Vakra Gati), or are combined with the Moon. Those planets, which have the brightest rays and which are positioned northward in a combination with another planet, are also known to have ‘Chesta Bala’ (force by efforts).

TIME FORCE:

The Moon, the Saturn and the Mars are powerful during the night. The Mercury is powerful during the day as well as during the night. The Sun, Jupiter and Venus are powerful during the day. The ?cruel? planets are powerful during the darker phase of the Moon, and the ?gentle? planets are powerful during the brighter phase of the Moon.

NATURAL FORCE: The Mars is more powerful than the Saturn, Mercury is more powerful than the Mars, Jupiter is more powerful than Mercury, Venus is more powerful than Jupiter, the Moon is more powerful than Venus and the Sun is the most powerful of them all.

The Sun’s colour has a combination of black and red, that of Moon is white and is considered as a Youth, the colour of Mercury is green and that of Mars is a combination of red and white. The colour of Jupiter is of white complexion, Venus is also fair and white but the colour of the Saturn is black. Rahu?s colour is blue, and Ketu?s colour is peculiar (combination of many hues).

INDICATION: The colour of the planets affects the complexion of a person.

PLANETS AS THE MASTER OF DIRECTIONS & THE BRANCHES OF VEDAS (SHAKHESH)

The Sun is the master of the eastern direction.
The Venus is the master of the South-East (AGNIKON) direction.
The Mars is the master of Southern direction.
Rahu is the master of South-West (NAIRRITYA) direction.
Saturn is the master of Western direction.
Moon is the master of North-West (VAAYAVYA) direction.
Mercury is the master of Northern direction.
Jupiter is the master of North-East direction, also,
Jupiter is the master of the Rigveda
Venus is the master of the Yajurveda
Mars is the master of the Samavada
Mercury is the master of Atharveda